Introduction
Myrtle Beach, a jewel of the South Carolina coast, has a rich and fascinating history that spans centuries. From its humble beginnings as a sparsely populated wilderness to its transformation into a bustling tourist destination, the story of Myrtle Beach’s early settlement is one of perseverance, vision, and natural beauty. In this comprehensive exploration, we’ll delve into the origins of Myrtle Beach, the challenges faced by early settlers, and the pivotal moments that shaped its development into the beloved coastal haven we know today.
The Pre-Colonial Era
Native American Presence
Long before European settlers arrived, the area now known as Myrtle Beach was home to various Native American tribes, including the Waccamaw and Winyah peoples. These indigenous communities lived off the land and sea, taking advantage of the region’s abundant natural resources.
Early Exploration
The first European explorers to set foot in the area were likely Spanish and French expeditions in the 16th century. However, it wasn’t until the English began to establish colonies in the Carolinas that serious interest in settling the region took hold.
The Colonial Period
Early Settlement Attempts
The first attempts at European settlement in the Myrtle Beach area date back to the early 18th century. However, these initial efforts were often thwarted by the challenging coastal environment, including:
- Dense forests and swamps
- Harsh weather conditions
- Limited access to fresh water
- Conflicts with Native American tribes
The Withers Family
One of the most significant early settlers was the Withers family, who arrived in the mid-18th century. Robert Withers received a land grant in 1745 for a large tract of land that would later become part of Myrtle Beach. The Withers family played a crucial role in the early development of the area, establishing plantations and contributing to the local economy.
The 19th Century: Slow Growth and Challenges
Agriculture and Timber
Throughout the 19th century, the Myrtle Beach area remained sparsely populated, with the economy primarily based on agriculture and timber. The dense forests provided valuable lumber, while the fertile soil supported crops such as indigo, rice, and cotton.
Impact of Natural Disasters
The region’s vulnerability to natural disasters became apparent during this period. Hurricanes and tropical storms posed significant threats to early settlements, often causing widespread damage and setbacks to development efforts. The history of hurricanes in Myrtle Beach is a testament to the resilience of its inhabitants and their determination to build a thriving community despite these challenges. Learn more about Myrtle Beach’s hurricane history.
Transportation Challenges
One of the major obstacles to growth in the 19th century was the lack of reliable transportation infrastructure. The area remained relatively isolated, with limited roads and no rail connections. This isolation hindered economic development and population growth.
The Dawn of the 20th Century: A Turning Point
The Arrival of the Railroad
The fortunes of Myrtle Beach began to change dramatically with the arrival of the railroad in 1900. The Seaboard Air Line Railroad extended its tracks to the area, opening up new possibilities for commerce and tourism.
The Burroughs & Collins Company
In 1881, Franklin Burroughs and Benjamin Collins founded the Burroughs & Collins Company, which would play a pivotal role in the development of Myrtle Beach. The company acquired vast tracts of land and began to envision the area’s potential as a resort destination.
The Birth of “New Town”
In 1900, the Burroughs & Collins Company began developing what would become known as “New Town,” the nucleus of modern Myrtle Beach. This planned community included:
- A hotel
- A general store
- Residential lots
- The area’s first post office
The Roaring Twenties: Myrtle Beach Takes Shape
The Naming of Myrtle Beach
In 1900, a contest was held to name the new beach resort. Mrs. F.E. Burroughs suggested “Myrtle Beach,” inspired by the abundance of wax myrtle shrubs growing wild in the area. The name was officially adopted, marking the beginning of Myrtle Beach as we know it today.
Infrastructure Development
The 1920s saw rapid development of Myrtle Beach’s infrastructure, including:
- The construction of the first wooden boardwalk
- The opening of the area’s first golf course
- The establishment of several hotels and guesthouses
The Pavilion
In 1908, the Seaside Inn was built, which included the famous Myrtle Beach Pavilion. This landmark would become the heart of entertainment and social life in Myrtle Beach for decades to come.
Overcoming Natural Challenges
Shark Encounters
As Myrtle Beach grew in popularity as a tourist destination, concerns about marine life, particularly sharks, began to emerge. While shark encounters have been rare throughout Myrtle Beach’s history, they have played a role in shaping beach safety measures and public perception. Discover more about Myrtle Beach’s shark attack history.
Hurricane Preparedness
The lessons learned from past hurricanes led to improved building codes, emergency response systems, and public awareness campaigns. These efforts have helped Myrtle Beach become more resilient in the face of natural disasters, ensuring the safety of residents and visitors alike.
Post-World War II Boom
Tourism Explosion
The end of World War II marked the beginning of a tourism boom for Myrtle Beach. Factors contributing to this growth included:
- Increased car ownership and improved roads
- Rising middle-class incomes
- A growing desire for beach vacations
Expansion of Attractions
The 1950s and 1960s saw the development of numerous attractions that would become Myrtle Beach staples, including:
- Amusement parks
- Golf courses
- Shopping centers
- Restaurants and entertainment venues
Conclusion
The early settlement of Myrtle Beach is a testament to the vision, perseverance, and adaptability of its pioneers. From a remote coastal wilderness to a thriving tourist destination, Myrtle Beach’s journey has been shaped by the interplay of human ambition and natural forces. Today, as millions of visitors flock to its shores each year, the legacy of those early settlers lives on in the vibrant community they helped to create.
As we look to the future, Myrtle Beach continues to evolve, balancing growth and development with the preservation of its natural beauty and rich history. The story of Myrtle Beach’s early settlement serves as an inspiration and a reminder of the enduring allure of this coastal paradise.